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//August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964// //Political Party: Republican Party// //Terms in Office: March 4, 1929 – March 3, 1933// //Vice President: Calvin Coolidge// Herbert Hoover was a President who tried to be neutral and not be a country with world dominance. He wanted peaceful relations and therefore would refuse to take over any countries by force, or posses a huge Navy. In 1930 Hoover removed the Clark Memorandum policy; this policy was created to allow the United States’ Military to intervene in Latin American nations. After the removal of this policy Hoover began formulating the Good Neighbor policy (not officially put into place until Franklin Roosevelt’s Presidency). The purpose of the policy was to insure there would not be intervention and interference in the domestic affairs of Latin America. Is stated that America would be a good neighbor and have mutual exchanges with the Latin American countries. Hoover kick started this Good Neighbor Policy by withdrawing the American troops from Nicaragua and Haiti. He also proposed a one-third reduction of the world’s naval power, and an arms embargo act on Latin America, this was called the Hoover Plan. Hoover was a man who did not believe it was right to take over another nation by force and that is why the Hoover-Stimson Doctrine was put into place. This Doctrine was put into place after the Japanese invasion of Manchuria to ensure the United States would not acknowledge territories gained by force. As President, Hoover helped insure peace between other nations then just America, such as Chile and Peru. Hoover helped resolve the conflict between the two countries over the sovereignty of Arica and Tacna. Chile had controlled both Arica and Tacna through the Treaty of Ancón, but now there was a fight over who should control the territories. Herbert Hoover solved the problem with the Tacna-Arica Compromise, which gave Peru Tacna and Chile Arica.
 * __ Herbert Hoover __**
 * Theme:** **Globalization**

Herbert Hoover came into his Presidency with a positive attitude to lead this great nation, but his plans did not go so well. Hoover tried to help American farmers economically, but this did not work out. Hoover did successfully gain a stronger foreign relationship with Latin America though. But these were about the only positives that occurred during Hoover’s Presidency. Hoover was President during the time of the Great Depression and neglected to fix the economic panic. Other negatives also took place during his Presidency. Therefore, Hoover deserves a D+ for his one term Presidency because a lot of negative things occurred during thi one term, but he did put effort into solving America’s problems at the beginning of his term. Overall America would have been better off with a different 31st President to lead their nation.
 * Introduction:**

Hoover’s goals as President were to help the struggling farmers gain money and survive the depression, and improve foreign relations by gaining friends, and avoiding wars. He attempted to accomplish his goal of helping farmers through the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929 and the Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930. The Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929 created a Federal Farm Board to urge the formation of farm cooperatives and control farm surpluses. Unfortunately, the board was not able to handle the sever oversupply in agricultural products and was abolished in 1933. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930 did not do much to help the farmers either. Hoover signed this bill in hopes that it would aid the farmers who were being hit hard, and would protect them from foreign competition. But instead a global tariff war occurred and all trade suffered. The tariffs were then raised to the highest amount in American history, 42 percent. Even though Hoover tried to accomplish his goal of helping the farmers from their tough times he was not successful. But on the other hand, Hoover was more successful in his goals dealing with foreign policies. As President Hoover wanted to focus on improving the relationships America had with Latin America. Latin American relations with the United States became very positive once Hoover enforced his rule that no force would be used to control the nations of Latin America. Originally Latin America had been told by the US how to run their country and government, but Hoover decided to remove all American troops from Latin America and let them run their nations as they pleased. Many people in America opposed this; but it worked well, Latin America gained the United State’s trust and the countries’ relationships grew stronger.
 * Goals:**

Unfortunately, Congress and President Hoover did not have a good relationship. Hoover thought that having debates and fights with the Congress was unprofessional looking; therefore instead of Congress and Hoover working together to change bills, and laws that were waiting to be passed they seemed to avoid each other. Herbert Hoover especially sidestepped his responsibilities as President to work with the Congressmen. He knew his ideas would be shot down or be changed by Congress and instead of fighting with them to compromise he just passed what he wanted without consent from the Congress. Considering the house and senate majority shared the same political party as the President they should have been able to work together well since they had common beliefs, but sadly they couldn’t. This really hurt America during the Great Depression because since Congress and Hoover did not cooperate together they could not work together to solve the nation’s pressing problems.
 * Congress:**

Throughout Herbert Hoover’s Presidency there were many ups and downs and a lot of negatives with out too many positives. The one most positive thing Hoover did during his Presidency was improving the relations between foreign countries and America. Hoover was a man who believed in peace, and that forcing other countries to do something was wrong. Before Hoover was President many nations in Latin America were being forced by Americans to have a certain type of government and run their country a certain way. Hoover thought this was wrong and therefore decided to stop forcing other countries to do things a certain way. Latin America was happy that they could now run their nations the way they pleased, and therefore grew closer to the United States, gaining America a strong loyal ally. Unfortunately this was the only real positive that came from Hoover’s Presidency. Many negative things occurred during Hoover’s Presidency but the worst was the Great Depression. Although Hoover’s actions did not cause the Great Depression, his actions did not help solve it. The Great Depression was caused by weather-destroyed crops, over speculations, high tariffs, and the crash of the stock markets. Hoover and Congress sat back for a while and let the Great Depression take its natural course assuming the economy would bounce back like it had during any other panic, but this was not the case. The Great Depression was not like any other panic in the fact that the economy would not just bounce back easily. Hoover and the Congress were under so much pressure to fix the problem and since America had never experience something like this before they were not sure how to fix the problem. Instead of trying to fix the problem though Hoover just avoided it, he did nothing to help America out of the Great Depression. Although Hoover did not cause the Great Depression he just neglected to take care of the issue, which is why this is the worst thing Hoover did as President.
 * Pros/Cons:**

America was impacted by Hoover’s Presidency because of their relationship with Latin America that grew stronger. Hoover’s intelligent ideas of proclaiming peace and eliminating interference with Latin American government helped draw the two nations together. This helped future Presidents have more allies and helped America have a better relationship with their neighbors. Although this was a good way of impacting America’s future Hoover also impacted it negatively through the neglectance of the Great Depression. Herbert Hoover impacted America’s future by not attending to the Great Depression. If Hoover would have done something to help the economy even a little bit the Depression might not have been so bad and other proceeding Presidents might not have had so much to deal with. Since Hoover sat back and did nothing to help the nation in their time of suffering the problem grew worst and worst, maybe if Hoover would had stepped up to do something to solve the economic issues then there might had been less of an economic shock.
 * Future Impact:**

After Hoover’s Presidency America was diffidently worse off then before. America was sent into the worst economic crash in history during Hoover’s Presidency and then Hoover decided to just sit back and watch America suffer through the Depression rather then try to solve the problem. Hoover tried to help the country before the Depression struck, and if the Depression had not happen he may have been a better President, but he just did not know how to handle the country at a time of a crisis. The United States would have been much better off with another person as President because they may have had more insight of ideas on how to get America out of the Great Depression. Due to the Great Depression, and other failures during Hoover’s Presidency such as the Wickersham Commission he deserves a D+ for his Presidency. Hoover really did nothing for the country but he did not completely fail as a President because he did help improve relations with Latin America and attempt to help the farmers who were struggling economically. **Works Citied:** "American History: The Great Depression: How It Affected U.S. Foreign Relations (VOA Special English 2006-08-09)." //Interesting Things for ESL/EFL Students (Fun English Study)//. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. .
 * America after Hoover’s Presidency:**

DeGregorio, William. //The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents seventh edition//. New Jersey: Barricade Books Inc., 2009. Print.

Herbert Hoover - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." //Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. .

The Presidency of Herbert Hoover." //HubPages//. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Dec. 2011. .